Budaörs
is situated at the southern edge of the Buda Hills, in the basin bearing the
name of the settlement. Along the northern side of the basin, in three parallel
ridges, there are dolomite hills of peculiar atmosphere: the Budaörsi-kopárok
(Kô-hegy, Odvas-hegy, Út-hegy), the Csiki-hegyek and the Törökugrató. These
unique natural values belong to the Buda Nature Preservation Area. In terms of
formation, this mountain is a fault-block mountain, that is, its peaks and
depressions were created by vertical movements along fault lines. Peaks limited
on each side by fault lines - like the mountains around Budaörs - are called
fault peaks. The dolomite constituting the fells is the oldest sediment of the
Buda Hills. In the late Triassic period (240-210 million years ago) the sea
lime ooze depositing on the shore plains and shallow edges of the Thetys Ocean
was turned into dolomite in the then dominating dry climate. During trips, one
can discover petrified remains of animals and prints of plant parts in abandoned
quarries. Thermal springs used to be near fault lines, which formed the
dolomite in a characteristic way: the dolomite turned reddish at certain
places. Also, these former thermal springs formed caves and caverns in the area
of the Buda Hills such as the caves on top of Kő-hegy. The rich fauna of the
Budaörs hills is the result of geological changes of several million years. The
shallow, dolomite debris soil, continuously slacking and sliding down, could
not provide adequate conditions for forests to be created even during the
period of warming following the ice age. For this reason, these dolomite
„fells" are islands that enabled numerous plants widely spread in former
periods with climates totally different from our present climate to survive.
The majority of rainwater pour down the steep slopes full of debris and
therefore sub-Mediterranean and continental species tolerating dryness play an
important role in the composition of vegetation. Formerly, hill tops featured
karst bush forests and dry lawn while hill feet featured forests of oak that
liked lime and young trees at their edges. However, following human settlement,
closed forest areas slowly disappeared and orchards and vineyards began to
dominate around the settlement during past centuries. We can observe a form of
peculiar formation of the nature in artificially planted Australian pine
forests (Nap-hegy, Tűzkő-hegy, Út-hegy, Huszonnégyökröshegy), where - due to
slowly disintegrating coniferous leaves - undergrowth is almost completely
missing and fauna is much poorer as well. These Australian pine trees with dark
foliage are not indigenous and old trees can easily dry or die on the shallow
soil in dry years, to be replaced again by bushes and gradually renewing
deciduous forests. On dolomite rock lawns, surviving almost untouched on hill
tops, a special form of life was created by plants living here that tolerate
dryness and like lime: in such a tiny area as Törökugrató, you can discover 22
protected plant species during a walk. In spring, hill slopes change colour
every day since violet actinia and bright yellow pheasant's eye are followed by
yellow, blue and white irises, then purple thyme and pink dwarf almond and,
finally, summer is greeted by silvery feather-grass. In summer, dark violet
start-thistle, blue cuckoo-pint, gold klamath weed, modest blood-wort and
immortelle grow high. In autumn, thorny bushes are worth a visit because
berries of hedge-thorn, rose-hip, barberry and spindle-tree are well visible
even from a distance but the sight of the foliage of gold maple trees and
purple Hungarian fustic also drives gloomy thought away. The fauna of dolomite
fells is not so rich as that of deciduous forests but a number of very rare
species are related to special vegetation such as the most famous zoological
value of Törökugrató and Kő-hegy, the Coluber Caspius and the European copper
skink. During trips, it is worthwhile to listen to woodlarks and hoopoes sing
but one can meet common buzzards, common kestrel, goshawk, fox and beech marten
as well.
Municipality of the City of Budaörs
H-2040 Budaörs,
Szabadság út 134.
Tel.: +36 23 447 800
Fax: +36 23 447 819
e-mail: polgarmester@budaors.hu
web: www.budaors.hu
Customer Service
+36 23 447 967, 447 969
H-2040 Budaörs,
Szabadság út 134.
Tel.: +36 23 447 800
Fax: +36 23 447 819
e-mail: polgarmester@budaors.hu
web: www.budaors.hu
Customer Service
+36 23 447 967, 447 969
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